Components of previous studies

 Previous studies 

The previous studies represent an important part of the scientific research plan. It is the second part related to the theoretical framework of the scientific research methodology presented, and is directly and closely related to it.

The traditional approach of the researcher to deal with the research plan is the following research elements: (the name of the researcher, the title of the research, the method of study, the tools of scientific research, hypotheses, the results of the research, and the extent to which the approach of the research method or different with what the researcher is doing) At present.

Previous studies can be defined as: "Previous researches to which the researcher refers; in order to obtain data and information related to the subject of the research, and then studied well, then analyzed by scientific methods and methodology used in scientific research, and then determine the similarity and difference between them and Hypotheses of scientific research presented.

Summarizing the previous studies is very important when conducting scientific research, as the researcher explores queries for multiple questions related to his mind, so it requires the use of previous studies and scientific literature related to the subject of research, and the previous studies give the researcher all the details related to the hypothesis of the research Because it collects information from more than one reference or source, and it helps to identify the exact details of the subject matter.

Past studies represent a moral for the scientific researcher in two aspects, the first is the resurrection effort and identify everything related to the subject of the study, and the second is the attribution of efforts to its people by referring to the authors of sources and previous studies, and these studies may represent a key to all the problems posed by the scientific researcher, in some case If you agree or support what is presented in the scientific research methodology.

 Research sample 

The research sample is a part or group of parts of the research population under study. The research sample includes the characteristics of the original research population, and in order for the research sample to provide sound results, it is required that all components of the research population and its accurately represent, and the use of the research sample includes various types of research. The use of the research sample helps to gather information, and make the results more accurate. The methods of selecting the research sample and types of research sample can vary and vary depending on the type of study, and the nature of the research population , including probability and non-probability samples.

 Conditions of selection of the research sample 

• Randomly selected.
• The research sample correctly represents the original research population, When obtaining the same results on the second samples from the same research population, these samples represent the research population honestly and accurately, and therefore the characteristics of the of the sample is similar to the characteristics of the research population.
• Achieve homogeneity between the various components of the original research population.
• Preliminary inventory of all components of the original research population, broken down into preview units, and each unit within a special statistical framework.
• Suitable size and type of research sample with the main research objectives, and with the nature of the research population.

 Research objectives 

What are the research objectives ?

One of the research objectives is to reach a set of facts that lead to the progress of science and the progress of society in all respects. The researcher should set the research objectives for each scientific research, and determine through the research objectives the great benefit it will provide for research.

Given the importance of the research objectives, the researcher should establish a number of research objectives so that this number is compatible and proportionate to the research he is doing, so that the researcher is able to reach these objectives. The researcher should possess the linguistic talent and the ability to formulate research objectives in a controlled manner and free from linguistic and grammatical errors, so that the research objectives are clear.

 The Research objectives:

• Description
• Prediction: is one of the most important objectives of the research, and through it the researcher to imagine things and changes that will affect a certain phenomenon in the future.
• Explanation: One of the most prominent objectives of the research, through which the researcher to explain scientific phenomena.
• Evaluation: is one of the objectives of the research, as the researcher aims to evaluate the phenomenon being studied.
• Refutation and refutation: the researcher makes sure the correctness of the phenomenon that he is studying or deny its validity.
• Validation: This is one of the objectives of the research through which the researcher to verify the validity of other research by previous researchers.
• Finding Modern Knowledge
• Control and Settings

 Main findings and Main recommendations 

The main results are all that the study proved and came in the form of an answer to the study's questions and objectives. Main findings and Main recommendations are closely related to the research objectives. The main findings may come from what was presented and expected from the hypotheses of the study concluded by the researcher.

The higher the outcome of main findings and main recommendations, the more important they are for society and the scientific field. The main findings show either hypothesis or denial. In both cases, the researcher is required to write explanations for the main findings and is called to discuss the main findings

The main recommendations represent another type of scientific fruits, so that each scientific message contains a special part as the main scientific recommendations, the main recommendations two types addressed to scientific researchers and the other specific to the field of social problem.

 Watch: Reviewing Previous Studies 

With greetings: Al - Manara Consulting to help researchers and graduate students